Featured is a handbook text (circa 1986) used at Vocational Industrial and Training Board, an earlier incarnation of the post-secondary school system, Institute of Technical Education. Following independence in 1965, the Singapore’s main concern was employment for its citizens. Emphasis was placed on training individuals for industrial work as the city begun attracting overseas investors to set up industry on the island. From the mid-1970s to the 1980s, the focus was shifted towards productivity as the industries in Singapore diversified. The productivity handbook is an A5 sized booklet that was one of many other similarly themed textbooks taught in between normal curriculum classes; they have been likened by some to Moral Education lessons. According to a former teacher with the VITB, these classes were challenging to conduct as the concepts embodied within them were sometimes to complex for younger students to grasp. Being a class outside of regular coursework, discipline amongst the students was also hard to maintain during these lessons.